Science &Technology Vision
科技视界0引言
,“”,。20,。,,[1]
,CO 2H 2O,。1932,Carothers PLA。1954,PLA ,。、、、,、、、。,PLA ,,,、。,、,(DCM)、。,,
。,pH、、、,PLA 。PLA ,,,。※基金项目：浙江省教育厅2019年度高校国内访问学者“教师专业发展项目”《可降解塑料聚乳酸的降解微生物筛选》 (FX2019116)。作者简介：冯娟（1984.10—），女，浙江台州人，硕士研究生，讲师，研究方向为生物化学与分子生物学。 聚乳酸蛋白酶促降解及微生物降解综述
冯娟李冠锋蒋全吉祝思瑜(台州科技职业学院，浙江台州318020)
【摘要】聚乳酸(PLA )是一种可生物降解的脂肪族聚酯它可以被微生物产生的各种酶降解，是目前最有
潜力和研究较多的高分子材料，它的可生物降解及表现出来的优良性状，被广泛地应用在包装、纺织、农业、生物医学材料等领域。近年来，对聚乳酸降解酶及微生物筛选研究越来越多，但是对于聚乳酸的高效生物降解方法并可进行产业化应用研究并没有很好的解决。文章重点综述了蛋白酶在聚乳酸的生化降解机理；总结了近几年，国内外微生物筛选的方法，包括微生物降解和酶促等方法、微生物种类及相关作用机理等。最后展望了聚乳酸生物降解性能研究的发展趋势。 【关键词】聚乳酸；生物降解；降解机理；微生物筛选
中图分类号:TQ323.4
文献标识码:A
DOI:10.ki.issn2095-2457.2021.08.45
【Abstract 】Polylactic acid (PLA)is a kind of biodegradable aliphatic polyesters are it can be produced by a variety of enzyme degradation,is currently the most potential and research more polymer materials,biodegradable and shows excellent characters,is widely used in packaging,textile,agriculture,biomedical materials,and other fields.In recent years,there are more and more researches on PLA degrading enzyme and microbial screening,but there is no good soluti
on to the research on the efficient biodegradation method of PLA and its industrial application.This paper focuses on the biodegradation mechanism of protease in PLA.The methods of microbial screening at home and abroad in recent years,including microbial degradation and enzymatic promotion,microbial species and related mechanism of action,were summarized.Finally,the development trend of the research on the biodegradability of polylactic acid was
加热膜prospected.
【Key words 】Polylactic acid;Biodegradation;Degradation mechanism;Microbial screening
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防暴叉Science &Technology Vision 科技视界
,。
1PLA 蛋白酶促降降解机理
,。,。、、。。PLA :,,PLA 。,PLA ,、。,,,[2]
。、
,,[3]
。PLA ,。,,。,,,。PLA 。,K。1981,D、F.K 。,
K 。。α-。PLA (),()。(K、a-、、)。K PLA :(1);(2);(3);(4)。K Ser329、His174
Asp144。,,PLLA ,PLLA +O -,PLLA +O -,[5]
。
2PLA 微生物降解
无纺布挂历1997,Pranamuda [6]PLA ,Amycolatopsis HT-32,14,60%。PLA 。PLA 、、、,,pH 。[7]
PLA ,12,PLA 0.23%,PLA 15.3%,PLA 17.4%17.2%。
[8]
,,L.waywayandensis ,,25,84.8%。,,,。[9]
、、3,PLA 13.7%、10.6% 4.5%。,Proteobacteria Bacteroidetes,。[10]
,/-(PLA/
PBAT),(PLA)PLA 。PLA Pseudomonas
mendocina,,PLA PLA ,5d PLA 29.35%。(CGMCC),。
P.Sriyapai,T [11]停车场收费管理系统
薯类淀粉机
17PLA ,Actinomadura
sp.TF1、Streptomyces sp.APL3pH6.0~8.040~60℃。TF1APL3(Gly-His-Ser-Met-Gly),。Titiporn Panyachanakul [12]
Actinomadura keratinilytica strain T16-15L ,pH 8.0,,72h,117
瓦斯抽放系统
Science &Technology Vision
科技视界,16651mg/L,89%。,PLA ,。PLA 99.93%,14.75%。6。5L 。,,,。3结语
,,,。,、、、、、PH 。:;;;,,、、[13]
。,。
,,。,PLA 。,、。【参考文献】
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