1978年12月发生了什么大事CHINESE NURSING RESEARCH May,2020Vol.34No.10
岐山县中医医院
张田岳1，林蓓蕾1，刘晓虹2，张振香1*
（1.郑州大学护理与健康学院，河南450001；2.海军军医大学护理学院）
Development of professional needs of care questionnaire for family caregivers of stroke patients and its reliability and validity test
ZHANG Tianyue,LIN Beilei,LIU Xiaohong,ZHANG Zhenxiang （School of Nursing and Health,Zhengzhou University,Henan 450001China ）基尔霍夫定律
户县八中摘要：［目的］编制适合中国文化的脑卒中病人家庭照顾者专业化照护需求问卷并验证其信效度。［方法］以家庭系统理论和家庭支持模式为指导，通过文献查阅、照顾者访谈、专家会议等形成问卷初始条目池，通过专家函询检测问卷内容效度，对郑州市590例居家脑卒中照顾者进行调查，检测问卷结构效度和Cronbach′s α系数。［结果］最终问卷共4个维度29个条目，探索性因子分析240名照顾者后结果显
示累计方差贡献率为67.343%。问卷总Cronbach′s α系数为0.919，总内容效度指数（S⁃CVI ）为0.98，各条目内容效度
指数（I⁃CVI ）为0.83~1.00；验证性因子分析350名照顾者后结果显示：卡方自由度比（χ2
fda/df ）为1.285，均方根残差（RMSEA ）为0.029，拟合优度指数（GFI ）为0.916，比较拟合优度指数（CFI ）为0.981，模拟拟合指数（NFI ）为0.920，均达到可接受的统计学标准，各条目在各自潜变量上的负荷值均达显著水平。［结论］该问卷编制过程规范，对脑卒中病人家庭照顾者具有较高特异性，具有良好的信效度，适合测评我国脑卒中病人家庭照顾者专业化照护需求。关键词：脑卒中；家庭照顾者；专业化照护需求；信度；效度Abstract Objective ：To develop professional needs of care questionnaire for family caregivers of stroke patients for Chinese culture and its reliability and validity test.Methods ：With guidance of family system theory and family support model ，initial questionnaire items pool was formed through literature review ，caregiver interviews ，expert meetings and so on.Content validity of questionnaire was tested by expert consultation.Structure validity and Cronbach′s αcoefficient of questionnaire were acquired by survey of 590family caregivers of stroke patients in Zhengzhou.Results ：The final questionnaire had 29items in 4dimensions.Exploratory factor analysis with 240caregivers shows that cumulative variance contribution rate was 67.343%.The total Cronbach′s αcoefficient of questionnaire was 0.919.It′s total
content validity （S⁃CVI ）was 0.98and item content validity index （I⁃CVI ）from 0.83to 1.00.Confirmatory factor analysis with 350caregivers showed that Chi⁃square degrees of freedom was 1.285，root meant square error of approximation （RMSEA ）was 0.029，goodness of fit index （GFI ）was 0.916，comparative fit index （CFI ）was 0.981，normed fit index （NFI ）was 0.920.All numerical value reached acceptable statistical standards ，and load value of each item on their latent variable has reached a significant level.Conclusions ：Questionnaire compilation process is standardized and has high specificity for stroke family caregivers.It has good reliability and validity ，and is suitable for evaluating professional care needs of family caregivers of stroke patients in China.Keywords stroke ；family caregivers ；professional needs of care ；reliability ；validity 中图分类号：R473.2
文献标识码：A
doi:10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2020.10.005
脑卒中具有高发病率、高致残、高死亡率、高复发率及高负担的特点，是全球性健康问题[1]。发达国家脑卒中病人出院后可接受社区或专业康复机构的连续照护[2]，而我国脑卒中病人在医院经过和早期康复后，多转至家庭[3]，家庭照顾者在其长期护理中扮演
着重要角。调查显示：家庭照顾者大多未受过专业培训，其护理工作缺乏专业医护人员指导，可能导致病人效果降低或倒退。因此，满足脑卒中病人家庭照顾者对专业化照护的需求，对促进病人康复、缓解家庭负担有重要意义[4⁃5]。照顾者专业化照护需求是指照顾者希望获得由医生、护士或其他各类专业工作者面对面、电话等途径为其提供的各种专业知识和技能
校园大数据指导及建议[6⁃9]。但由于目前国内外尚缺乏特异性的脑卒中照顾者专业化照护需求评估工具，照顾者专业化照护需求信息的获取并不理想。本研究拟编制符合我国文化背景的居家脑卒中照顾者专业化照护需求问
·科研论著·
基金项目河南省教育厅人文社会科学研究项目，编号：2018⁃ZZJH⁃547作者简介张田岳，护师，硕士
通讯作者张振香，E⁃mail:*******************
引用信息
张田岳，林蓓蕾，刘晓虹，等.脑卒中病人家庭照顾者专业化照护需求问卷编制及信效度检验[J].护理研究
,2020,34(10):1704⁃1710.
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