[摘要]虾青素(astaxanthin)具有抗氧化、抗癌变、增强免疫等功能，可用作抗癌变预防剂、抗衰老剂、饲料添加剂、食品和化妆品的着剂，是一种具有很大发展前途的新资源性天然产物。雨生红球藻(Haematococcus pluvialis)是天然虾青素的重要来源，但是，雨生红球藻的养殖与保存相对来说比较困难，所以一直是不少科研人员的研究对象。试验首先在最适生长条件下培养雨生红球藻的运动细胞，使游动细胞的细胞密度变的尽可能的高，培养条件为：光照强度1000~1500 lx；光照周期24 h；光质为LED 白光；温度为室温10±1 ℃；通空气；初始pH≈7.0。然后改变培养基的成分，探讨单因素条件对虾青素积累量的影响，实验条件：光照强度15000~20000 lx；光照周期24 h；光质为LED白光；温度为室温17±1℃；不通气；初始pH≈7.0。最终的结果表明，在氮饥的饿情况下虾青素百分含量为3.465%和3.484%，磷饥饿情况下虾青素百分含量为1.414%和1.435%，盐胁迫环境下虾青素百分含量为0.738%和0.650%，说明氮元素的缺乏比磷元素的缺乏和盐胁迫，更有利于雨生红球藻积累虾青素。 [关键词]虾青素；氮饥饿；磷饥饿；盐胁迫
Abstract:Astaxanthin has antioxidant, anticancer and function of enhancing immune. It can be used as anti-cancer prevention and treatment agent, anti-aging agent, feed additive and coloring agents of
food and cosmetic. So it is a kind of promising “new resources of food”. With the rapid development of medicine industry, food industry and aquaculture, the demand for Astaxanthin will must grow. In the experiment, the green movement cells of Haematococcus pluvialis were cultivated under optimal growth conditions in order to obtain maximum biomass. The conditions of culture were as following: light intensity was 1000~1500 lx; light cycle was 24 h; light quality was white; temperature was 10±1℃and pH was about 7.0. Then the components of culture medium were changed for investigation on the effect of single factor on astaxanthin accumulation. The final results show that in the same external conditions, the lack of nitrogen was more conducive than those of phosphorus and salt stress to the accumulation of astaxanthin in Haematococcus pluvialis.
Key word:Astaxanthin, Nitrogen starvation, Phosphorus starvation, Salt stress.
目录
1 前言 ........................................................... - 1 - 1.1雨生红球藻. (1)
1.1.1 雨生红球藻形态及分类学特点 ............................... - 1 -
1.1.2雨生红球藻生活周期........................................ - 1 -
1.1.3雨生红球藻培养............................................ - 2 -
1.1.4外界环境对雨生红球藻生长的影响............................ - 2 - 1.2虾青素.. (2)
1.2.1虾青素的化学特征及来源.................................... - 2 -
1.2.2雨生红球藻细胞内虾青素合成及积累.......................... - 3 -
1.2.3外界环境对虾青素合成的影响................................ - 4 -
1.2.4虾青素的生理功能及实际应用................................ - 4 -
2 试验材料与方法 ................................................... - 6 - 2.1主要试验材料.. (6)
2.1.1 藻种..................................................... - 6 -
2.1.2 主要试验试剂............................................. - 6 -
2.1.3主要试验仪器与设备........................................ - 6 - 2.2试验方法 (7)
2.2.1雨生红球藻的培养.......................................... - 7 -
2.2.2雨生红球藻的生长检测...................................... - 7 -
2.2.3虾青素的积累.............................................. - 7 -
2.2.4虾青素含量的检测.......................................... - 7 -
3 试验内容 ......................................................... - 8 - 3.1雨生红球藻的培养. (8)
3.1.1 培养基的配置............................................. - 8 -
3.1.2 试验材料的灭菌........................................... - 8 -
3.1.3接种 ..................................................... - 9 -
3.1.4培养 .....................................................- 10 -
3.1.5生长检测 .................................................- 11 - 3.2诱导虾青素 (12)
3.3虾青素含量的测定 (12)
4 结果与讨论 ...................................................... - 13 - 结论 ............................................................ - 1
9 - 参考文献 .......................................................... - 20 - 致谢 ................................................. 错误!未定义书签。
