八年级英语下册第三单元学习要点归纳(新目标英语)
八年级英语下册第三单元学习要点归纳(新目标英语)
学习要点
本单元以新颖的话题,引入了一种新时态――过去进行时态。希望通过对这种时态的学习和掌握来完善自己的语法知识结构。同时,本单元又重新对一般过去时态进行了复习,以通过对两种时态的对比来更好地理解和掌握两种时态。 Section A
1.过去进行时的用法及与一般过去时的区别
2.in front of与in the front of的区别
3.get out of的用法
4.go into与go to的区别
5.when与while的区别
6.take off的用法
7.感叹句
a.to do结构
9.宾语从句
10.Le surprised
11.How about you? 的用法
Section B
1.climb的用法
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2.jump down的用法
3.in a tree和on a tree的区别
4.another,the other,other的区别
5.say to sb.的用法
6.What happened? 的用法
Self check
1.when引导时间状语从句时的注意事项
2.hear的用法
3.at the doctor's的用法
4.in hospital与in the hospital的区别重点难点
1.过去进行时
(1)用法:
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表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。(2)句式:
肯定式:主语+was /were+v.-ing+其他。如:
I was working at ten o'clock yesterday.昨天十点我在工作。
否定式:主语+was /were+not+v.-ing+其他。如:
He was not writing a letter at that time.那时他没在写信。
炭化一般疑问式:Was /Were+主语+v.-ing+其他?如:
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Were you mending the bike this time yesterday?昨天这个时候,你在修理自行车吗?
特殊疑问式:特殊疑问词+was /were+主语+v.-ing+其他?如:What were you doing when the teacher came in?老师进来时,你在干什么?
(3)时态判定:
过去进行时常用的时间状语有:at that time, this time yesterday, last night等。如:
They were playing football at five yesterday.昨天五点钟他们正在踢足球。
2.过去进行时用于带when, while状语从句的句子中
(1)用when引导的状语从句表示时间,说明一个动作发生时,另一个动作正在进行。如:
The students were reading when the teacher came in.老师进来时,学生们正在画画。
(2)用when引导的状语从句也可表示正在进行某一个动作时,另一动作发生了。如:
My pen dropped on the ground when I was walking in the park.我在公园散步时,钢笔掉在了地上。
用while引导的状语从句一般用进行时,表示正在进行某个动作时,发生了另一个动作,这时主句多用一般过去时。如:
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While he was reading, the telephone rang.他正看书时,电话铃响了。when与while状语从句都可以与进行时连用,但while更强调动作持续一段时间。
3.过去进行时态与一般过去时态的区别
过去进行时态表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作,侧重动作的进行、含有动作在持续、未完成的意思。一般过去时态表示过去的某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,它侧重动作曾经发生过或曾经是,强调动作已结束或一个事实。如:
The workers were building a bridge last winter.去年冬天工人们在修一座桥。(去年冬天工人们一直在修桥,修好与否不详。)
The workers built a bridge last winter.去年冬天工人们修了一座桥。(去年冬天工人们修了桥,而且桥已修好了。)
注:过去进行时态与现在进行时态一样,有些动词(表示位置移动的)用(过去)进行时表示(过去)将来时。如:
All of us wanted to know when they were leaving for Shanghai.我们都想知道他们什么时候去上海。
Section A 内容详解
Language Goals:语言目标:・Talk about past events讨论发生过的事情・Tell a story讲一个故事 So, what were you doing when the UFO arrived? 那么,当飞碟到来的时候你正在做什么? Well,I was standing① in front of the library. 嗯,我正站在图书馆前面。1a A TV reporter is asking“Where were you when the UFO arrived?”Match the statements with the people in the picture.一位电视台记者正在询问:“当飞碟到来时你在哪?”把说明与图中的人联系起来。 1.I was in the bathroom. 我在浴室里。 2.I was in my bedroom.我在卧室里。 3.I was in front of the library.我在图书馆前面。
4.I was in the kitchen.我在厨房里。 5.I was in my barber shop.我在理发店里。 6.I was in the baber's chair.我在理发店的椅子上。参考答案: 1.d 2.b 3.a 4.c 5.e 6.f 1b Listen to the reporter's questions and
circle the correct responses. 听记者的问题并把正确的回答圈出来。听力原文 Reporter:So, what were you doing when the UFO arrived? 那,当飞碟到来时你正在做什么? Girl 1:Well, I was standing in front of the library? 嗯,我正站在图书馆的前面。Boy 1:I was sleeping late.我正在熟睡。 Woman 1:I was cooking dinner.我正在做晚饭。 Reporter:How about you? 你呢? Man 1:I was getting out of the shower.我正从浴室里出来。 Man 2:And I was cutting hair.我正在剪头发。 a.standing in from of② the library/studying in the library 站在图书馆前面/在图书馆学习 b.cleaning my room/sleeping late打扫房间/熟睡c.making a smoothie/cooking dinner制作果奶/做晚饭d.getting out of③ the shower/talking on the phone 从浴室里出来/在电话里谈事 e.eating lunch/cutting hair吃午饭/剪头发参考答案: a.standing in front of the library b.sleeping late c.cooking dinner d.getting out of the shower. e.cutting hair 1c PAIRWORK 结对练习 A:What was he doing when the UFO arrived? 当飞碟到来时他正在做什么? B:He Was sleeping late when it arrived.当它到来时他正在熟睡。 2a Listen and order these statements[1―5]。听并把说明排序。 The alien visited the Museum of Flight.外星人参观航天馆。 The alien bought a souvenir.外
星人买了一件纪念品。 A UFO landed on Center Street.一架飞碟降落在中央大街上。The alien went into④ a store.外星人走进了一家商店。 An alien got out of the UFO.外星人从飞碟上下来。听力原文 Reporter:So, can you tell me what you saw here today? 你能告诉我今天你在这看到了什么吗? Boy:Well, I was walking down Center Street when a UFO landed. 当一个飞碟着陆的时候,我正在中央大街上散步。 Reporter:Where did it landed? 它在哪着陆? Boy:Right here.就在这。 Reporter:So what happened next? 那,接下来发生了什么呢? Girl:An alien got out of the UFO.一个外星人从飞碟里出来了。 Reporter:What were you doing? 你正在做什么? Girl:When the alien got out of
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the UFO I was shopping. 当外星人从飞碟里出来时我正在买东西。Reporter:Then what happened? 然后发生了什么? Boy:Well! Then the alien went into a store―do you see the store over there―and bought a souvenir.嗯!然后那个外星人走进了一家商店――你看到那边那家商店了吗――并买了一件纪念品。 Girl:Then it visited the Museum of Flight on Green Street. 然后它到了格林大街航天博物馆。 Reporter:So, what did you do? 那么你做了什么? Girl:While it was buying a Souvenir,I called the police. 当它在买纪念品的时候,我给警察打了电话。 Boy:And while it was visiting the museum, I called the TV station. 而当它参观博物馆的时候,我给电视台打了电话。 Reporter:So what happed next? 接着又发生了什么事?参考答案: 5 4 1 3 26 2b Listen again. Complete the following sentences
with“when”or“while”. 再听一遍。用when或while完成下列句子。 1.The boy was walking down the street________ a UFO landed. 飞船着陆时,男孩正在街上散步。 2.The girl was shopping________ she saw the alien get out. 那个女孩看到外星人出来时,她正在购物。 3.________ the alien was buying a souvenir, the girl called the police. 外星人正在买纪念品时,女孩打电话报警了。4.________ the alien was visiting the museum, the boy called the TV station. 外星人正在参观航天馆时,男孩打电话通知电视台了。参考答案: 1.when 2.when 3.While 4.While 2c GROUPWORK 小组活动 Look at the picture below. Say what each person was doing when the UFO took off. Make sentences
with“when”and“while”.看下面的图画。说出当飞碟起飞的时候每个人都在做什么。用when和while造句。 A:What was the girl doing when the UFO took off? 当飞碟起飞的时候,那个女孩正在做什么? B:While⑤ the girl was?女孩正在……的时候。 C:When the UFO took off⑥ the man was? 当飞碟起飞的时候,那个人正在…… Grammar Focus 语法重点 The boy was walking down the street when the UFO landed. 当飞碟着陆时男孩正在街上散步。